593 lines
20 KiB
C
593 lines
20 KiB
C
/***************************************************************************
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* __________ __ ___.
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* Open \______ \ ____ ____ | | _\_ |__ _______ ___
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* Source | _// _ \_/ ___\| |/ /| __ \ / _ \ \/ /
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* Jukebox | | ( <_> ) \___| < | \_\ ( <_> > < <
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* Firmware |____|_ /\____/ \___ >__|_ \|___ /\____/__/\_ \
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* \/ \/ \/ \/ \/
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* $Id$
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*
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* mkamsboot.c - a tool for merging bootloader code into an Sansa V2
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* (AMS) firmware file
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*
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* Copyright (C) 2008 Dave Chapman
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*
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* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
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* as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
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* of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
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*
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* This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
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* KIND, either express or implied.
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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/*
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Insert a Rockbox bootloader into a Sansa AMS original firmware file.
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Layout of a Sansa AMS original firmware file:
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---------------------- 0x0
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| HEADER |
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|----------------------| 0x400
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| FIRMWARE BLOCK | (contains the OF version on some fuzev2 firmwares
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|----------------------| 0x600
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| FIRMWARE BLOCK |
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|----------------------| 0x400 + firmware block size
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| LIBRARIES/DATA |
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---------------------- END
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We replace the main firmware block while preserving the potential OF version
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(bytes 0x600..0x400+firmware_size) as follows:
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---------------------- 0x0
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| |
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| Dual-boot code |
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| |
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|----------------------|
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| EMPTY SPACE |
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|----------------------|
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| compressed RB image |
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|----------------------|
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| compressed OF image |
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| |
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|----------------------|
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| UCL unpack function |
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----------------------
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This entire block fits into the space previously occupied by the main
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firmware block - the space saved by compressing the OF image is used
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to store the compressed version of the Rockbox bootloader.
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On version 1 firmwares, the OF image is typically about 120KB, which allows
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us to store a Rockbox bootloader with an uncompressed size of about 60KB-70KB.
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Version 2 firmwares are bigger and are stored in SDRAM (instead of IRAM).
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In both cases, the RAM we are using is mapped at offset 0x0.
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mkamsboot then corrects the checksums and writes a new legal firmware
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file which can be installed on the device.
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When the Sansa device boots, this firmware block is loaded to RAM at
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address 0x0 and executed.
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Firstly, the dual-boot code will copy the UCL unpack function to the
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end of RAM.
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Then, depending on the detection of the dual-boot keypress, either the
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OF image or the Rockbox image is copied to the end of RAM (just before
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the ucl unpack function) and uncompressed to the start of RAM.
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Finally, the ucl unpack function branches to address 0x0, passing
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execution to the uncompressed firmware.
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*/
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <stdint.h>
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <sys/stat.h>
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#include <fcntl.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <ucl/ucl.h>
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#include "mkamsboot.h"
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#include "md5.h"
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/* Header for ARM code binaries */
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#include "dualboot.h"
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/* Win32 compatibility */
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#ifndef O_BINARY
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#define O_BINARY 0
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#endif
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/* fw_revision: version 2 is used in Clipv2, Clip+ and Fuzev2 firmwares */
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/* hw_revision: 4 for m200, 2 for e200/c200, 1 or 2 for fuze/clip, 1 for clip+ */
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const struct ams_models ams_identity[] = {
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[MODEL_C200V2] = { 2, 1, "c200", dualboot_c200v2, sizeof(dualboot_c200v2), "c2v2", 44 },
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[MODEL_CLIPPLUS]= { 1, 2, "Clip+", dualboot_clipplus, sizeof(dualboot_clipplus), "cli+", 66 },
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[MODEL_CLIPV2] = { 2, 2, "Clip", dualboot_clipv2, sizeof(dualboot_clipv2), "clv2", 60 },
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[MODEL_CLIP] = { 1, 1, "Clip", dualboot_clip, sizeof(dualboot_clip), "clip", 40 },
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[MODEL_E200V2] = { 2, 1, "e200", dualboot_e200v2, sizeof(dualboot_e200v2), "e2v2", 41 },
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[MODEL_FUZEV2] = { 2, 2, "Fuze", dualboot_fuzev2, sizeof(dualboot_fuzev2), "fuz2", 68 },
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[MODEL_FUZE] = { 1, 1, "Fuze", dualboot_fuze, sizeof(dualboot_fuze), "fuze", 43 },
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[MODEL_M200V4] = { 4, 1, "m200", dualboot_m200v4, sizeof(dualboot_m200v4), "m2v4", 42 },
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[MODEL_CLIPZIP] = { 1, 2, "ClipZip", dualboot_clipzip, sizeof(dualboot_clipzip), "clzp", 79 },
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};
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/* Checksums of unmodified original firmwares - for safety, and device
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detection */
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static struct md5sums sansasums[] = {
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/* NOTE: Different regional versions of the firmware normally only
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differ in the filename - the md5sums are identical */
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/* model version md5 */
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{ MODEL_E200V2, "3.01.11", "e622ca8cb6df423f54b8b39628a1f0a3" },
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{ MODEL_E200V2, "3.01.14", "2c1d0383fc3584b2cc83ba8cc2243af6" },
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{ MODEL_E200V2, "3.01.16", "12563ad71b25a1034cf2092d1e0218c4" },
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{ MODEL_FUZE, "1.01.11", "cac8ffa03c599330ac02c4d41de66166" },
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{ MODEL_FUZE, "1.01.15", "df0e2c1612727f722c19a3c764cff7f2" },
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{ MODEL_FUZE, "1.01.22", "5aff5486fe8dd64239cc71eac470af98" },
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{ MODEL_FUZE, "1.02.26", "7c632c479461c48c8833baed74eb5e4f" },
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{ MODEL_FUZE, "1.02.28", "5b34260f6470e75f702a9c6825471752" },
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{ MODEL_FUZE, "1.02.31", "66d01b37462a5ef7ccc6ad37188b4235" },
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{ MODEL_C200V2, "3.02.05", "b6378ebd720b0ade3fad4dc7ab61c1a5" },
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{ MODEL_M200V4, "4.00.45", "82e3194310d1514e3bbcd06e84c4add3" },
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{ MODEL_M200V4, "4.01.08-A", "fc9dd6116001b3e6a150b898f1b091f0" },
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{ MODEL_M200V4, "4.01.08-E", "d3fb7d8ec8624ee65bc99f8dab0e2369" },
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{ MODEL_CLIP, "1.01.17", "12caad785d506219d73f538772afd99e" },
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{ MODEL_CLIP, "1.01.18", "d720b266bd5afa38a198986ef0508a45" },
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{ MODEL_CLIP, "1.01.20", "236d8f75189f468462c03f6d292cf2ac" },
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{ MODEL_CLIP, "1.01.29", "c12711342169c66e209540cd1f27cd26" },
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{ MODEL_CLIP, "1.01.30", "f2974d47c536549c9d8259170f1dbe4d" },
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{ MODEL_CLIP, "1.01.32", "d835d12342500732ffb9c4ee54abec15" },
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{ MODEL_CLIP, "1.01.35", "b4d0edb3b8f2a4e8eee0a344f7f8e480" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPV2, "2.01.16", "c57fb3fcbe07c2c9b360f060938f80cb" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPV2, "2.01.32", "0ad3723e52022509089d938d0fbbf8c5" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPV2, "2.01.35", "a3cbbd22b9508d7f8a9a1a39acc342c2" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPPLUS, "01.02.09", "656d38114774c2001dc18e6726df3c5d" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPPLUS, "01.02.13", "5f89872b79ef440b0e5ee3a7a44328b2" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPPLUS, "01.02.15", "680a4f521e790ad25b93b1b16f3a207d" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPPLUS, "01.02.16", "055a53de1dfb09f6cb71c504ad48bd13" },
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{ MODEL_FUZEV2, "2.01.17", "8b85fb05bf645d08a4c8c3e344ec9ebe" },
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{ MODEL_FUZEV2, "2.02.26", "d4f6f85c3e4a8ea8f2e5acc421641801" },
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{ MODEL_FUZEV2, "2.03.31", "74fb197ccd51707388f3b233402186a6" },
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{ MODEL_FUZEV2, "2.03.33", "1599cc73d02ea7fe53fe2d4379c24b66" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPZIP, "1.01.12", "45adea0873326b5af34f096e5c402f78" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPZIP, "1.01.15", "f62af954334cd9ba1a87a7fa58ec6074" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPZIP, "1.01.17", "27bcb343d6950f35dc261629e22ba60c" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPZIP, "1.01.18", "ef16aa9e02b49885ebede5aa149502e8" },
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{ MODEL_CLIPZIP, "1.01.20", "d88c8977cc6a952d3f51ece105869d97" },
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};
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#define NUM_MD5S (sizeof(sansasums)/sizeof(sansasums[0]))
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static unsigned int model_memory_size(int model)
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{
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/* The OF boots with IRAM (320kB) mapped at 0x0 */
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if(model == MODEL_CLIPV2)
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{
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/* The decompressed Clipv2 OF is around 380kB.
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* Let's use the full IRAM (1MB on AMSv2)
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*/
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return 1 << 20;
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}
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else
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{
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/* The IRAM is 320kB on AMSv1, and 320 will be enough on Fuzev1/Clip+ */
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return 320 << 10;
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}
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}
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int firmware_revision(int model)
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{
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return ams_identity[model].fw_revision;
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}
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static off_t filesize(int fd)
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{
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struct stat buf;
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if (fstat(fd, &buf) < 0) {
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perror("[ERR] Checking filesize of input file");
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return -1;
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} else {
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return(buf.st_size);
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}
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}
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static uint32_t get_uint32le(unsigned char* p)
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{
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return p[0] | (p[1] << 8) | (p[2] << 16) | (p[3] << 24);
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}
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static uint32_t get_uint32be(unsigned char* p)
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{
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return (p[0] << 24) | (p[1] << 16) | (p[2] << 8) | p[3];
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}
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static void put_uint32le(unsigned char* p, uint32_t x)
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{
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p[0] = x & 0xff;
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p[1] = (x >> 8) & 0xff;
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p[2] = (x >> 16) & 0xff;
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p[3] = (x >> 24) & 0xff;
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}
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void calc_MD5(unsigned char* buf, int len, char *md5str)
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{
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int i;
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md5_context ctx;
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unsigned char md5sum[16];
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md5_starts(&ctx);
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md5_update(&ctx, buf, len);
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md5_finish(&ctx, md5sum);
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for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
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sprintf(md5str + 2*i, "%02x", md5sum[i]);
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}
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/* Calculate a simple checksum used in Sansa Original Firmwares */
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static uint32_t calc_checksum(unsigned char* buf, uint32_t n)
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{
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uint32_t sum = 0;
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uint32_t i;
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for (i=0;i<n;i+=4)
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sum += get_uint32le(buf + i);
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return sum;
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}
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/* Compress using nrv2e algorithm : Thumb decompressor fits in 168 bytes ! */
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static unsigned char* uclpack(unsigned char* inbuf, int insize, int* outsize)
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{
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int maxsize;
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unsigned char* outbuf;
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int r;
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/* The following formula comes from the UCL documentation */
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maxsize = insize + (insize / 8) + 256;
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/* Allocate some memory for the output buffer */
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outbuf = malloc(maxsize);
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if (outbuf == NULL)
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return NULL;
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r = ucl_nrv2e_99_compress(
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(const ucl_bytep) inbuf,
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(ucl_uint) insize,
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(ucl_bytep) outbuf,
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(ucl_uintp) outsize,
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0, 10, NULL, NULL);
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if (r != UCL_E_OK || *outsize > maxsize) {
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/* this should NEVER happen, and implies memory corruption */
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fprintf(stderr, "internal error - compression failed: %d\n", r);
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free(outbuf);
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return NULL;
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}
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return outbuf;
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}
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#define ERROR(format, ...) \
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do { \
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snprintf(errstr, errstrsize, format, __VA_ARGS__); \
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goto error; \
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} while(0)
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/* Loads a Sansa AMS Original Firmware file into memory */
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unsigned char* load_of_file(
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char* filename, int model, off_t* bufsize, struct md5sums *sum,
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int* firmware_size, unsigned char** of_packed,
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int* of_packedsize, char* errstr, int errstrsize)
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{
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int fd;
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unsigned char* buf =NULL;
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off_t n;
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unsigned int i=0;
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uint32_t checksum;
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unsigned int last_word;
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fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY);
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if (fd < 0)
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ERROR("[ERR] Could not open %s for reading\n", filename);
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*bufsize = filesize(fd);
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buf = malloc(*bufsize);
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if (buf == NULL)
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ERROR("[ERR] Could not allocate memory for %s\n", filename);
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n = read(fd, buf, *bufsize);
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if (n != *bufsize)
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ERROR("[ERR] Could not read file %s\n", filename);
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/* check the file */
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/* Calculate MD5 checksum of OF */
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calc_MD5(buf, *bufsize, sum->md5);
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while ((i < NUM_MD5S) && (strcmp(sansasums[i].md5, sum->md5) != 0))
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i++;
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if (i < NUM_MD5S) {
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*sum = sansasums[i];
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if(sum->model != model) {
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ERROR("[ERR] OF File provided is %sv%d version %s, not for %sv%d\n",
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ams_identity[sum->model].model_name, ams_identity[sum->model].hw_revision,
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sum->version, ams_identity[model].model_name, ams_identity[model].hw_revision
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);
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}
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} else {
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/* OF unknown, give a list of tested versions for the requested model */
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char tested_versions[100];
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tested_versions[0] = '\0';
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for (i = 0; i < NUM_MD5S ; i++)
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if (sansasums[i].model == model) {
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if (tested_versions[0] != '\0') {
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strncat(tested_versions, ", ",
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sizeof(tested_versions) - strlen(tested_versions) - 1);
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}
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strncat(tested_versions, sansasums[i].version,
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sizeof(tested_versions) - strlen(tested_versions) - 1);
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}
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ERROR("[ERR] Original firmware unknown, please try another version."
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" Tested %sv%d versions are: %s\n",
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ams_identity[model].model_name, ams_identity[model].hw_revision, tested_versions);
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}
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/* TODO: Do some more sanity checks on the OF image. Some images (like
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m200v4) dont have a checksum at the end, only padding (0xdeadbeef). */
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last_word = *bufsize - 4;
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checksum = get_uint32le(buf + last_word);
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if (checksum != 0xefbeadde && checksum != calc_checksum(buf, last_word))
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ERROR("%s", "[ERR] Whole file checksum failed\n");
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if (ams_identity[sum->model].bootloader == NULL)
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ERROR("[ERR] Unsupported model - \"%s\"\n", ams_identity[sum->model].model_name);
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/* Get the firmware size */
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if (ams_identity[sum->model].fw_revision == 1)
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*firmware_size = get_uint32le(&buf[0x0c]);
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else if (ams_identity[sum->model].fw_revision == 2)
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*firmware_size = get_uint32le(&buf[0x10]);
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/* Compress the original firmware image */
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*of_packed = uclpack(buf + 0x400, *firmware_size, of_packedsize);
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if (*of_packed == NULL)
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ERROR("[ERR] Could not compress %s\n", filename);
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return buf;
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error:
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free(buf);
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return NULL;
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}
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/* Loads a rockbox bootloader file into memory */
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unsigned char* load_rockbox_file(
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char* filename, int *model, int* bufsize, int* rb_packedsize,
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char* errstr, int errstrsize)
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{
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int fd;
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unsigned char* buf = NULL;
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unsigned char* packed = NULL;
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unsigned char header[8];
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uint32_t sum;
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off_t n;
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int i;
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fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY);
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if (fd < 0)
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ERROR("[ERR] Could not open %s for reading\n", filename);
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/* Read Rockbox header */
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n = read(fd, header, sizeof(header));
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if (n != sizeof(header))
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ERROR("[ERR] Could not read file %s\n", filename);
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for(*model = 0; *model < NUM_MODELS; (*model)++)
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if (memcmp(ams_identity[*model].rb_model_name, header + 4, 4) == 0)
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break;
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if(*model == NUM_MODELS)
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ERROR("[ERR] Model name \"%4.4s\" unknown. Is this really a rockbox bootloader?\n", header + 4);
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*bufsize = filesize(fd) - sizeof(header);
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buf = malloc(*bufsize);
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if (buf == NULL)
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ERROR("[ERR] Could not allocate memory for %s\n", filename);
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n = read(fd, buf, *bufsize);
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if (n != *bufsize)
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ERROR("[ERR] Could not read file %s\n", filename);
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/* Check checksum */
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sum = ams_identity[*model].rb_model_num;
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for (i = 0; i < *bufsize; i++) {
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/* add 8 unsigned bits but keep a 32 bit sum */
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sum += buf[i];
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}
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if (sum != get_uint32be(header))
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ERROR("[ERR] Checksum mismatch in %s\n", filename);
|
|
|
|
packed = uclpack(buf, *bufsize, rb_packedsize);
|
|
if(packed == NULL)
|
|
ERROR("[ERR] Could not compress %s\n", filename);
|
|
|
|
free(buf);
|
|
return packed;
|
|
|
|
error:
|
|
free(buf);
|
|
return NULL;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#undef ERROR
|
|
|
|
/* Patches a Sansa AMS Original Firmware file */
|
|
void patch_firmware(
|
|
int model, int fw_revision, int firmware_size, unsigned char* buf,
|
|
int len, unsigned char* of_packed, int of_packedsize,
|
|
unsigned char* rb_packed, int rb_packedsize)
|
|
{
|
|
unsigned char *p;
|
|
uint32_t sum, filesum;
|
|
uint32_t ucl_dest;
|
|
unsigned int i;
|
|
|
|
/* Zero the original firmware area - not needed, but helps debugging */
|
|
memset(buf + 0x600, 0, firmware_size);
|
|
|
|
/* Insert dual-boot bootloader at offset 0x200, we preserve the OF
|
|
* version string located between 0x0 and 0x200 */
|
|
memcpy(buf + 0x600, ams_identity[model].bootloader, ams_identity[model].bootloader_size);
|
|
|
|
/* Insert vectors, they won't overwrite the OF version string */
|
|
static const uint32_t goto_start = 0xe3a0fc02; // mov pc, #0x200
|
|
static const uint32_t infinite_loop = 0xeafffffe; // 1: b 1b
|
|
/* ALL vectors: infinite loop */
|
|
for (i=0; i < 8; i++)
|
|
put_uint32le(buf + 0x400 + 4*i, infinite_loop);
|
|
/* Now change only the interesting vectors */
|
|
/* Reset/SWI vectors: branch to our dualboot code at 0x200 */
|
|
put_uint32le(buf + 0x400 + 4*0, goto_start); // Reset
|
|
put_uint32le(buf + 0x400 + 4*2, goto_start); // SWI
|
|
|
|
/* We are filling the firmware buffer backwards from the end */
|
|
p = buf + 0x400 + firmware_size;
|
|
|
|
/* 1 - UCL unpack function */
|
|
p -= sizeof(nrv2e_d8);
|
|
memcpy(p, nrv2e_d8, sizeof(nrv2e_d8));
|
|
|
|
/* 2 - Compressed copy of original firmware */
|
|
p -= of_packedsize;
|
|
memcpy(p, of_packed, of_packedsize);
|
|
|
|
/* 3 - Compressed copy of Rockbox bootloader */
|
|
p -= rb_packedsize;
|
|
memcpy(p, rb_packed, rb_packedsize);
|
|
|
|
/* Write the locations of the various images to the variables at the
|
|
start of the dualboot image - we save the location of the last byte
|
|
in each image, along with the size in bytes */
|
|
|
|
/* UCL unpack function */
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x604], firmware_size - 1);
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x608], sizeof(nrv2e_d8));
|
|
|
|
/* Compressed original firmware image */
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x60c], firmware_size - sizeof(nrv2e_d8) - 1);
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x610], of_packedsize);
|
|
|
|
/* Compressed Rockbox image */
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x614], firmware_size - sizeof(nrv2e_d8) - of_packedsize
|
|
- 1);
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x618], rb_packedsize);
|
|
|
|
ucl_dest = model_memory_size(model) - 1; /* last byte of memory */
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x61c], ucl_dest);
|
|
|
|
/* Update the firmware block checksum */
|
|
sum = calc_checksum(buf + 0x400, firmware_size);
|
|
|
|
if (fw_revision == 1) {
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x04], sum);
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x204], sum);
|
|
} else if (fw_revision == 2) {
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x08], sum);
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x208], sum);
|
|
|
|
/* Update the header checksums */
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x1fc], calc_checksum(buf, 0x1fc));
|
|
put_uint32le(&buf[0x3fc], calc_checksum(buf + 0x200, 0x1fc));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Update the whole-file checksum */
|
|
filesum = 0;
|
|
for (i=0;i < (unsigned)len - 4; i+=4)
|
|
filesum += get_uint32le(&buf[i]);
|
|
|
|
put_uint32le(buf + len - 4, filesum);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* returns != 0 if the firmware can be safely patched */
|
|
int check_sizes(int model, int rb_packed_size, int rb_unpacked_size,
|
|
int of_packed_size, int of_unpacked_size, int *total_size,
|
|
char *errstr, int errstrsize)
|
|
{
|
|
/* XXX: we keep the first 0x200 bytes block unmodified, we just replace
|
|
* the ARM vectors */
|
|
unsigned int packed_size = ams_identity[model].bootloader_size + sizeof(nrv2e_d8) +
|
|
of_packed_size + rb_packed_size + 0x200;
|
|
|
|
/* how much memory is available */
|
|
unsigned int memory_size = model_memory_size(model);
|
|
|
|
/* the memory used when unpacking the OF */
|
|
unsigned int ram_of = sizeof(nrv2e_d8) + of_packed_size + of_unpacked_size;
|
|
|
|
/* the memory used when unpacking the bootloader */
|
|
unsigned int ram_rb = sizeof(nrv2e_d8) + rb_packed_size + rb_unpacked_size;
|
|
|
|
*total_size = packed_size;
|
|
|
|
#define ERROR(format, ...) \
|
|
do { \
|
|
snprintf(errstr, errstrsize, format, __VA_ARGS__); \
|
|
return 0; \
|
|
} while(0)
|
|
|
|
/* will packed data fit in the OF file ? */
|
|
if(packed_size > of_unpacked_size)
|
|
ERROR(
|
|
"[ERR] Packed data (%d bytes) doesn't fit in the firmware "
|
|
"(%d bytes)\n", packed_size, of_unpacked_size
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
else if(ram_rb > memory_size)
|
|
ERROR("[ERR] Rockbox can't be unpacked at runtime, needs %d bytes "
|
|
"of memory and only %d available\n", ram_rb, memory_size
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
else if(ram_of > memory_size)
|
|
ERROR("[ERR] OF can't be unpacked at runtime, needs %d bytes "
|
|
"of memory and only %d available\n", ram_of, memory_size
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
return 1;
|
|
|
|
#undef ERROR
|
|
}
|