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rockbox/firmware/powermgmt.c
Uwe Freese 056439e59d Measured voltages for LiIon. I found rockbox-liion.gif 
somewhere, didn't know where anymore. Thanks to the one who measured the values.


git-svn-id: svn://svn.rockbox.org/rockbox/trunk@3936 a1c6a512-1295-4272-9138-f99709370657
2003-08-21 08:49:57 +00:00

719 lines
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/***************************************************************************
* __________ __ ___.
* Open \______ \ ____ ____ | | _\_ |__ _______ ___
* Source | _// _ \_/ ___\| |/ /| __ \ / _ \ \/ /
* Jukebox | | ( <_> ) \___| < | \_\ ( <_> > < <
* Firmware |____|_ /\____/ \___ >__|_ \|___ /\____/__/\_ \
* \/ \/ \/ \/ \/
* $Id$
*
* Copyright (C) 2002 by Heikki Hannikainen, Uwe Freese
*
* All files in this archive are subject to the GNU General Public License.
* See the file COPYING in the source tree root for full license agreement.
*
* This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied.
*
****************************************************************************/
#include "config.h"
#include "sh7034.h"
#include "kernel.h"
#include "thread.h"
#include "system.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "panic.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "sprintf.h"
#include "ata.h"
#include "power.h"
#include "button.h"
#include "ata.h"
#include "mpeg.h"
#include "usb.h"
#include "powermgmt.h"
#include "backlight.h"
#ifdef HAVE_FMRADIO
#include "fmradio.h"
#endif
#ifdef SIMULATOR
int battery_level(void)
{
return 75;
}
int battery_time(void)
{
return 500;
}
bool battery_level_safe(void)
{
return battery_level() >= 10;
}
void set_poweroff_timeout(int timeout)
{
(void)timeout;
}
void set_battery_capacity(int capacity)
{
(void)capacity;
}
#else /* not SIMULATOR */
int battery_capacity = 1500; /* only a default value */
int battery_level_cached = -1; /* battery level of this minute, updated once
per minute */
static int poweroff_idle_timeout_value[15] =
{
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60
};
static int percent_to_volt_decharge[11] =
/* voltages (centivolt) of 0%, 10%, ... 100% when charging disabled */
{
#ifdef HAVE_LIION
/* measured values */
260, 285, 295, 303, 311, 320, 330, 345, 360, 380, 400
#else /* NiMH */
/* original values were taken directly after charging, but it should show
100% after turning off the device for some hours, too */
450, 481, 491, 497, 503, 507, 512, 514, 517, 525, 540 /* orig. values:
...,528,560 */
#endif
};
void set_battery_capacity(int capacity)
{
battery_capacity = capacity;
if (battery_capacity > BATTERY_CAPACITY_MAX)
battery_capacity = BATTERY_CAPACITY_MAX;
if (battery_capacity < 1500)
battery_capacity = 1500;
}
#ifdef HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL
char power_message[POWER_MESSAGE_LEN] = ""; /* message that's shown in
debug menu */
char charge_restart_level = CHARGE_RESTART_HI; /* level at which charging
starts */
int powermgmt_last_cycle_startstop_min = 25; /* how many minutes ago was the
charging started or
stopped? */
int powermgmt_last_cycle_level = 0; /* which level had the
batteries at this time? */
bool trickle_charge_enabled = true;
int trickle_sec = 0; /* how many seconds should the
charger be enabled per
minute for trickle
charging? */
int charge_state = 0; /* at the beginning, the
charger does nothing */
static int percent_to_volt_charge[11] = /* voltages (centivolt) of 0%, 10%,
... 100% when charging enabled */
{
/* values guessed, see
http://www.seattlerobotics.org/encoder/200210/LiIon2.pdf until someone
measures voltages over a charging cycle */
476, 544, 551, 556, 561, 564, 566, 576, 582, 584, 585 /* NiMH */
};
void enable_trickle_charge(bool on)
{
trickle_charge_enabled = on;
}
#endif /* HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL */
static char power_stack[DEFAULT_STACK_SIZE];
static char power_thread_name[] = "power";
static int poweroff_timeout = 0;
static long last_charge_time = 0;
int powermgmt_est_runningtime_min = -1;
static bool sleeptimer_active = false;
static unsigned long sleeptimer_endtick;
unsigned short power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN];
int battery_time(void)
{
return powermgmt_est_runningtime_min;
}
/* look into the percent_to_volt_* table and get a realistic battery level
percentage */
int voltage_to_percent(int voltage, int* table)
{
if (voltage <= table[0])
return 0;
else
if (voltage >= table[10])
return 100;
else {
/* search nearest value */
int i = 0;
while ((i < 10) && (table[i+1] < voltage))
i++;
/* interpolate linear between the smaller and greater value */
return i * 10 /* 10th */
+ (voltage - table[i]) *
10 / (table[i+1] - table[i]); /* 1th */
}
}
/* update battery level, called only once per minute */
void battery_level_update(void)
{
int level = 0;
int c = 0;
int i;
/* calculate average over last 3 minutes (skip empty samples) */
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
if (power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1-i]) {
level += power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1-i];
c++;
}
if (c)
level = level / c; /* avg */
else /* history was empty, get a fresh sample */
level = (adc_read(ADC_UNREG_POWER) * BATTERY_SCALE_FACTOR) / 10000;
if(level > BATTERY_LEVEL_FULL)
level = BATTERY_LEVEL_FULL;
if(level < BATTERY_LEVEL_EMPTY)
level = BATTERY_LEVEL_EMPTY;
#ifdef HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL
if (charge_state == 0) { /* decharge */
level = voltage_to_percent(level, percent_to_volt_decharge);
}
else if (charge_state == 1) { /* charge */
level = voltage_to_percent(level, percent_to_volt_charge);
}
else {/* in trickle charge, the battery is per definition 100% full */
battery_level_cached = level = 100;
}
#else
level = voltage_to_percent(level, percent_to_volt_decharge);
/* always use the decharge table */
#endif
if (battery_level_cached == -1) { /* first run of this procedure */
/* the battery voltage is usually a little lower directly after
turning on, because the disk was used heavily raise it by 5 % */
battery_level_cached = (level > 95) ? 100 : level + 5;
}
else {
/* the level is allowed to be +1/-1 of the last value when usb not
connected and to be +1/-3 of the last value when usb is
connected */
if (level > battery_level_cached + 1)
level = battery_level_cached + 1;
if (usb_inserted()) {
if (level < battery_level_cached - 3)
level = battery_level_cached - 3;
}
else {
if (level < battery_level_cached - 1)
level = battery_level_cached - 1;
}
battery_level_cached = level;
}
}
/* Returns battery level in percent */
int battery_level(void)
{
#ifdef HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL
if ((charge_state==1) && (battery_level_cached==100))
return 99;
#endif
return battery_level_cached;
}
/* Tells if the battery level is safe for disk writes */
bool battery_level_safe(void)
{
/* I'm pretty sure we don't want an average over a long time here */
if (power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1])
return power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1] > BATTERY_LEVEL_DANGEROUS;
else
return adc_read(ADC_UNREG_POWER) > (BATTERY_LEVEL_DANGEROUS * 10000) /
BATTERY_SCALE_FACTOR;
}
void set_poweroff_timeout(int timeout)
{
poweroff_timeout = timeout;
}
void set_sleep_timer(int seconds)
{
if(seconds) {
sleeptimer_active = true;
sleeptimer_endtick = current_tick + seconds * HZ;
}
else {
sleeptimer_active = false;
sleeptimer_endtick = 0;
}
}
int get_sleep_timer(void)
{
if(sleeptimer_active)
return (sleeptimer_endtick - current_tick) / HZ;
else
return 0;
}
/* We shut off in the following cases:
1) The unit is idle, not playing music
2) The unit is playing music, but is paused
We do not shut off in the following cases:
1) The USB is connected
2) The charger is connected
3) We are recording, or recording with pause
*/
static void handle_auto_poweroff(void)
{
long timeout = poweroff_idle_timeout_value[poweroff_timeout]*60*HZ;
int mpeg_stat = mpeg_status();
bool charger_is_inserted = charger_inserted();
static bool charger_was_inserted = false;
/* The was_inserted thing prevents the unit to shut down immediately
when the charger is extracted */
if(charger_is_inserted || charger_was_inserted)
{
last_charge_time = current_tick;
}
charger_was_inserted = charger_is_inserted;
if(timeout &&
#ifdef HAVE_FMRADIO
!fmradio_get_status() &&
#endif
!usb_inserted() &&
(mpeg_stat == 0 ||
mpeg_stat == (MPEG_STATUS_PLAY | MPEG_STATUS_PAUSE)))
{
if(TIME_AFTER(current_tick, last_keypress + timeout) &&
TIME_AFTER(current_tick, last_disk_activity + timeout) &&
TIME_AFTER(current_tick, last_charge_time + timeout))
power_off();
}
else
{
/* Handle sleeptimer */
if(sleeptimer_endtick &&
!usb_inserted())
{
if(TIME_AFTER(current_tick, sleeptimer_endtick))
{
if(charger_is_inserted)
{
DEBUGF("Sleep timer timeout. Stopping...\n");
mpeg_stop();
}
else
{
DEBUGF("Sleep timer timeout. Shutting off...\n");
power_off();
}
}
}
}
}
/*
* This power thread maintains a history of battery voltage
* and implements a charging algorithm.
* For a complete description of the charging algorithm read
* docs/CHARGING_ALGORITHM.
*/
static void power_thread(void)
{
int i;
int avg, ok_samples, spin_samples;
int current = 0;
#ifdef HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL
int delta;
int charged_time = 0;
int charge_max_time_now = 0; /* max. charging duration, calculated at
beginning of charging */
int charge_pause = 0; /* no charging pause at the beginning */
int trickle_time = 0; /* how many minutes trickle charging already? */
#endif
while (1)
{
/* Make POWER_AVG measurements and calculate an average of that to
* reduce the effect of backlights/disk spinning/other variation.
*/
ok_samples = spin_samples = avg = 0;
for (i = 0; i < POWER_AVG_N; i++) {
if (ata_disk_is_active()) {
if (!ok_samples) {
/* if we don't have any good non-disk-spinning samples,
* we take a sample anyway in case the disk is going
* to spin all the time.
*/
avg += adc_read(ADC_UNREG_POWER);
spin_samples++;
}
} else {
if (spin_samples) /* throw away disk-spinning samples */
spin_samples = avg = 0;
avg += adc_read(ADC_UNREG_POWER);
ok_samples++;
}
sleep(HZ*POWER_AVG_SLEEP);
}
avg = avg / ((ok_samples) ? ok_samples : spin_samples);
/* rotate the power history */
for (i = 0; i < POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1; i++)
power_history[i] = power_history[i+1];
/* insert new value in the end, in centivolts 8-) */
power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1] =
(avg * BATTERY_SCALE_FACTOR) / 10000;
/* update battery level every minute, ignoring first 15 minutes after
start charge/decharge */
#ifdef HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL
if ((powermgmt_last_cycle_startstop_min > 25) || (charge_state > 1))
#endif
battery_level_update();
/* calculate estimated remaining running time */
/* decharging: remaining running time */
/* charging: remaining charging time */
#ifdef HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL
if (charge_state == 1)
powermgmt_est_runningtime_min = (100 - battery_level()) *
battery_capacity / 100 * 60 / CURRENT_CHARGING;
else {
current = usb_inserted() ? CURRENT_USB : CURRENT_NORMAL;
if ((backlight_get_timeout() == 1) ||
(charger_inserted() && backlight_get_on_when_charging()))
/* LED always on or LED on when charger connected */
current += CURRENT_BACKLIGHT;
powermgmt_est_runningtime_min = battery_level() *
battery_capacity / 100 * 60 / current;
#if MEM == 8 /* assuming 192 kbps, the running time is 22% longer with 8MB */
powermgmt_est_runningtime_min =
powermgmt_est_runningtime_min * 122 / 100;
#endif /* MEM == 8 */
}
#else
current = usb_inserted() ? CURRENT_USB : CURRENT_NORMAL;
if (backlight_get_timeout() == 1) /* LED always on */
current += CURRENT_BACKLIGHT;
powermgmt_est_runningtime_min = battery_level() *
battery_capacity / 100 * 60 / current;
#if MEM == 8 /* assuming 192 kbps, the running time is 22% longer with 8MB */
powermgmt_est_runningtime_min =
powermgmt_est_runningtime_min * 122 / 100;
#endif /* MEM == 8 */
#endif /* HAVE_CHARGE_CONTROL */
#ifdef HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL
if (charge_pause > 0)
charge_pause--;
if (charger_inserted()) {
if (charge_state == 1) {
/* charger inserted and enabled */
charged_time++;
snprintf(power_message, POWER_MESSAGE_LEN,
"Chg %dm max %dm", charged_time, charge_max_time_now);
if (charged_time > charge_max_time_now) {
DEBUGF("power: charged_time > charge_max_time_now, "
"enough!\n");
/* have charged too long and deltaV detection did not
work! */
powermgmt_last_cycle_level = battery_level();
powermgmt_last_cycle_startstop_min = 0;
charger_enable(false);
snprintf(power_message, POWER_MESSAGE_LEN,
"Chg tmout %d min", charge_max_time_now);
/* disable charging for several hours from this point,
just to be sure */
charge_pause = CHARGE_PAUSE_LEN;
/* no trickle charge here, because the charging cycle
didn't end the right way */
charge_state = 0; /* 0: decharging/charger off, 1: charge,
2: top-off, 3: trickle */
} else {
if (charged_time > CHARGE_MIN_TIME) {
/* have charged continuously over the minimum charging
time, so we monitor for deltaV going
negative. Multiply thingsby 100 to get more
accuracy without floating point arithmetic.
power_history[] contains centivolts so after
multiplying by 100 the deltas are in tenths of
millivolts (delta of 5 is 0.0005 V).
*/
delta =
( power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1] * 100
+ power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-2] * 100
- power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1-
CHARGE_END_NEGD+1] * 100
- power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1-
CHARGE_END_NEGD] * 100 )
/ CHARGE_END_NEGD / 2;
if (delta < -100) { /* delta < -10 mV */
DEBUGF("power: short-term negative"
" delta, enough!\n");
powermgmt_last_cycle_level = battery_level();
powermgmt_last_cycle_startstop_min = 0;
charger_enable(false);
snprintf(power_message, POWER_MESSAGE_LEN,
"end negd %d %dmin", delta, charged_time);
/* disable charging for several hours from this
point, just to be sure */
charge_pause = CHARGE_PAUSE_LEN;
/* enable trickle charging */
if (trickle_charge_enabled) {
trickle_sec = CURRENT_NORMAL * 60 /
CURRENT_CHARGING;
/* first guess, maybe consider if LED
backlight is on, disk is active,... */
trickle_time = 0;
charge_state = 2; /* 0: decharging/charger
off, 1: charge,
2: top-off, 3: trickle */
} else {
charge_state = 0; /* 0: decharging/charger
off, 1: charge,
2: top-off, 3: trickle */
}
} else {
/* if we didn't disable the charger in the
previous test, check for low positive delta */
delta =
( power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1] * 100
+ power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-2] * 100
- power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1-
CHARGE_END_ZEROD+1] * 100
- power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1-
CHARGE_END_ZEROD] * 100 )
/ CHARGE_END_ZEROD / 2;
if (delta < 1) { /* delta < 0.1 mV */
DEBUGF("power: long-term small "
"positive delta, enough!\n");
powermgmt_last_cycle_level = battery_level();
powermgmt_last_cycle_startstop_min = 0;
charger_enable(false);
snprintf(power_message, POWER_MESSAGE_LEN,
"end lowd %d %dmin",
delta, charged_time);
/* disable charging for several hours from
this point, just to be sure */
charge_pause = CHARGE_PAUSE_LEN;
/* enable trickle charging */
if (trickle_charge_enabled) {
trickle_sec =
CURRENT_NORMAL * 60 / CURRENT_CHARGING;
/* first guess, maybe consider if LED
backlight is on, disk is active,... */
trickle_time = 0;
charge_state = 2;
/* 0: decharging/charger off, 1: charge,
2: top-off, 3: trickle */
} else {
charge_state = 0;
/* 0: decharging/charger off, 1: charge,
2: top-off, 3: trickle */
}
}
}
}
}
}
else if (charge_state > 1) { /* top off or trickle? */
/* adjust trickle charge time */
if ( ((charge_state == 2) &&
(power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1] > TOPOFF_VOLTAGE))
|| ((charge_state == 3) &&
(power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1] >
TRICKLE_VOLTAGE)) ) { /* charging too much */
trickle_sec--;
}
else { /* charging too less */
trickle_sec++;
}
if (trickle_sec > 24)
trickle_sec = 24;
if (trickle_sec < 1)
trickle_sec = 1;
/* charge the calculated amount of seconds */
charger_enable(true);
sleep(HZ * trickle_sec);
charger_enable(false);
/* trickle charging long enough? */
if (trickle_time++ > TRICKLE_MAX_TIME + TOPOFF_MAX_TIME) {
trickle_sec = 0; /* show in debug menu that trickle is
off */
charge_state = 0; /* 0: decharging/charger off, 1: charge,
2: top-off, 3: trickle */
powermgmt_last_cycle_startstop_min = 0;
}
if ((charge_state == 2) &&
(trickle_time > TOPOFF_MAX_TIME)) /* change state? */
charge_state = 3; /* 0: decharging/charger off, 1: charge,
2: top-off, 3: trickle */
} else { /* charge_state == 0 */
/* the charger is enabled here only in one case: if it was
turned on at boot time (power_init) */
/* turn it off now */
if (charger_enabled)
charger_enable(false);
}
/* Start new charge cycle? This must be possible also in
trickle/top-off, because when usb connected, */
/* the trickle charge amount may not be enough */
if ((charge_state == 0) || (charge_state > 1))
/* if battery is not full, enable charging */
/* make sure charging starts if 1%-lazyness in
battery_level_update() is too slow */
if ( (battery_level() < charge_restart_level)
|| (power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1] <
BATTERY_LEVEL_DANGEROUS)) {
if (charge_pause) {
DEBUGF("power: batt level < restart level,"
" but charge pause, not enabling\n");
snprintf(power_message, POWER_MESSAGE_LEN,
"chg pause %d min", charge_pause);
} else {
/* calculate max charge time depending on current
battery level */
/* take 35% more because some more energy is used for
heating up the battery */
i = CHARGE_MAX_TIME_1500 * battery_capacity / 1500;
charge_max_time_now =
i * (100 + 35 - battery_level()) / 100;
if (charge_max_time_now > i) {
charge_max_time_now = i;
}
snprintf(power_message, POWER_MESSAGE_LEN,
"ChgAt %d%% max %dm", battery_level(),
charge_max_time_now);
/* enable the charger after the max time calc is done,
because battery_level depends on if the charger is
on */
DEBUGF("power: charger inserted and battery"
" not full, enabling\n");
powermgmt_last_cycle_level = battery_level();
powermgmt_last_cycle_startstop_min = 0;
charged_time = 0;
charger_enable(true);
charge_state = 1; /* 0: decharging/charger off, 1:
charge, 2: top-off, 3: trickle */
/* clear the power history so that we don't use values
before discharge for the long-term delta
*/
for (i = 0; i < POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1; i++)
power_history[i] =
power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1];
}
}
} else {
/* charger not inserted */
if (charge_state > 0) {
/* charger not inserted but was enabled */
DEBUGF("power: charger disconnected, disabling\n");
powermgmt_last_cycle_level = battery_level();
powermgmt_last_cycle_startstop_min = 0;
/* show in debug menu that trickle is off */
trickle_sec = 0;
charger_enable(false);
charge_state = 0; /* 0: decharging/charger off, 1: charge, 2:
top-off, 3: trickle */
snprintf(power_message, POWER_MESSAGE_LEN, "Charger disc");
}
/* charger not inserted and disabled, so we're discharging */
}
powermgmt_last_cycle_startstop_min++;
#endif /* HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL*/
/* sleep for roughly a minute */
#ifdef HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL
i = 60 - trickle_sec - POWER_AVG_N * POWER_AVG_SLEEP;
#else
i = 60 - POWER_AVG_N * POWER_AVG_SLEEP;
#endif
if (i > 0)
sleep(HZ*(i));
handle_auto_poweroff();
}
}
void power_init(void)
{
/* init history to 0 */
memset(power_history, 0x00, sizeof(power_history));
/* initialize the history with a single sample to prevent level
flickering during the first minute of execution */
power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1] =
(adc_read(ADC_UNREG_POWER) * BATTERY_SCALE_FACTOR) / 10000;
/* calculate the first battery level */
battery_level_update();
/* calculate the remaining time to that the info screen displays something
useful */
powermgmt_est_runningtime_min =
battery_level() * battery_capacity / 100 * 60 / CURRENT_NORMAL;
#if MEM == 8 /* assuming 192 kbps, the running time is 22% longer with 8MB */
powermgmt_est_runningtime_min = powermgmt_est_runningtime_min * 122 / 100;
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_CHARGE_CTRL
snprintf(power_message, POWER_MESSAGE_LEN, "Powermgmt started");
/* if the battery is nearly empty, start charging immediately */
if (power_history[POWER_HISTORY_LEN-1] < BATTERY_LEVEL_DANGEROUS)
charger_enable(true);
#endif
create_thread(power_thread, power_stack, sizeof(power_stack),
power_thread_name);
}
#endif /* SIMULATOR */
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