528 lines
16 KiB
C
528 lines
16 KiB
C
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/***************************************************************************
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* __________ __ ___.
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* Open \______ \ ____ ____ | | _\_ |__ _______ ___
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* Source | _// _ \_/ ___\| |/ /| __ \ / _ \ \/ /
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* Jukebox | | ( <_> ) \___| < | \_\ ( <_> > < <
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* Firmware |____|_ /\____/ \___ >__|_ \|___ /\____/__/\_ \
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* \/ \/ \/ \/ \/
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* $Id$
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*
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*
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* FAT32 formatting functions. Based on:
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*
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* Fat32 formatter version 1.03
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* (c) Tom Thornhill 2005
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* This software is covered by the GPL.
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* By using this tool, you agree to absolve Ridgecrop of an liabilities for
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* lost data.
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* Please backup any data you value before using this tool.
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*
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*
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* Modified June 2007 by Dave Chapman for use in ipodpatcher
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*
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*
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* All files in this archive are subject to the GNU General Public License.
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* See the file COPYING in the source tree root for full license agreement.
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*
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* This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
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* KIND, either express or implied.
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <stdbool.h>
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#include <stdint.h>
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#include "ipodio.h"
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static inline uint16_t swap16(uint16_t value)
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{
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return (value >> 8) | (value << 8);
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}
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static inline uint32_t swap32(uint32_t value)
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{
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uint32_t hi = swap16(value >> 16);
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uint32_t lo = swap16(value & 0xffff);
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return (lo << 16) | hi;
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}
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/* The following functions are not the most efficient, but are
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self-contained and don't require needing to know endianness of CPU
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at compile-time.
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*/
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uint16_t htole16(uint16_t x)
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{
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uint16_t test = 0x1234;
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unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)&test;
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if (p[0]==0x12) {
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/* Big-endian */
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return swap16(x);
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} else {
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return x;
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}
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}
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uint32_t htole32(uint32_t x)
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{
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uint32_t test = 0x12345678;
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unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)&test;
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if (p[0]==0x12) {
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/* Big-endian */
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return swap32(x);
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} else {
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return x;
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}
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}
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/* A large aligned buffer for disk I/O */
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extern unsigned char* sectorbuf;
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/* TODO: Pass these as parameters to the various create_ functions */
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/* can be zero for default or 1,2,4,8,16,32 or 64 */
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static int sectors_per_cluster = 0;
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/* Recommended values */
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static uint32_t ReservedSectCount = 32;
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static uint32_t NumFATs = 2;
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static uint32_t BackupBootSect = 6;
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static uint32_t VolumeId=0; /* calculated before format */
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/* Calculated later */
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static uint32_t FatSize=0;
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static uint32_t BytesPerSect=0;
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static uint32_t SectorsPerCluster=0;
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static uint32_t TotalSectors=0;
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static uint32_t SystemAreaSize=0;
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static uint32_t UserAreaSize=0;
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static uint8_t VolId[12] = "NO NAME ";
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struct FAT_BOOTSECTOR32
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{
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/* Common fields. */
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uint8_t sJmpBoot[3];
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char sOEMName[8];
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uint16_t wBytsPerSec;
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uint8_t bSecPerClus;
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uint16_t wRsvdSecCnt;
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uint8_t bNumFATs;
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uint16_t wRootEntCnt;
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uint16_t wTotSec16; /* if zero, use dTotSec32 instead */
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uint8_t bMedia;
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uint16_t wFATSz16;
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uint16_t wSecPerTrk;
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uint16_t wNumHeads;
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uint32_t dHiddSec;
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uint32_t dTotSec32;
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/* Fat 32/16 only */
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uint32_t dFATSz32;
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uint16_t wExtFlags;
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uint16_t wFSVer;
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uint32_t dRootClus;
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uint16_t wFSInfo;
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uint16_t wBkBootSec;
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uint8_t Reserved[12];
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uint8_t bDrvNum;
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uint8_t Reserved1;
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uint8_t bBootSig; /* == 0x29 if next three fields are ok */
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uint32_t dBS_VolID;
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uint8_t sVolLab[11];
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uint8_t sBS_FilSysType[8];
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} __attribute__((packed));
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struct FAT_FSINFO {
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uint32_t dLeadSig; // 0x41615252
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uint8_t sReserved1[480]; // zeros
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uint32_t dStrucSig; // 0x61417272
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uint32_t dFree_Count; // 0xFFFFFFFF
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uint32_t dNxt_Free; // 0xFFFFFFFF
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uint8_t sReserved2[12]; // zeros
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uint32_t dTrailSig; // 0xAA550000
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} __attribute__((packed));
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/* Write "count" zero sectors, starting at sector "sector" */
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static int zero_sectors(struct ipod_t* ipod, uint64_t sector, int count)
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{
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int n;
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if (ipod_seek(ipod, sector * ipod->sector_size) < 0) {
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fprintf(stderr,"[ERR] Seek failed\n");
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return -1;
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}
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memset(sectorbuf, 0, 128 * ipod->sector_size);
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/* Write 128 sectors at a time */
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while (count) {
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if (count >= 128)
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n = 128;
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else
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n = count;
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if (ipod_write(ipod,sectorbuf,n * ipod->sector_size) < 0) {
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perror("[ERR] Write failed in zero_sectors\n");
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return -1;
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}
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count -= n;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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/*
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28.2 CALCULATING THE VOLUME SERIAL NUMBER
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For example, say a disk was formatted on 26 Dec 95 at 9:55 PM and 41.94
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seconds. DOS takes the date and time just before it writes it to the
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disk.
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Low order word is calculated: Volume Serial Number is:
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Month & Day 12/26 0c1ah
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Sec & Hundrenths 41:94 295eh 3578:1d02
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-----
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3578h
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High order word is calculated:
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Hours & Minutes 21:55 1537h
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Year 1995 07cbh
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-----
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1d02h
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*/
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static uint32_t get_volume_id ( )
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{
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/* TODO */
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#if 0
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SYSTEMTIME s;
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uint32_t d;
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uint16_t lo,hi,tmp;
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GetLocalTime( &s );
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lo = s.wDay + ( s.wMonth << 8 );
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tmp = (s.wMilliseconds/10) + (s.wSecond << 8 );
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lo += tmp;
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hi = s.wMinute + ( s.wHour << 8 );
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hi += s.wYear;
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d = lo + (hi << 16);
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return(d);
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#endif
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return(0);
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}
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/*
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This is the Microsoft calculation from FATGEN
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uint32_t RootDirSectors = 0;
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uint32_t TmpVal1, TmpVal2, FATSz;
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TmpVal1 = DskSize - ( ReservedSecCnt + RootDirSectors);
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TmpVal2 = (256 * SecPerClus) + NumFATs;
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TmpVal2 = TmpVal2 / 2;
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FATSz = (TmpVal1 + (TmpVal2 - 1)) / TmpVal2;
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return( FatSz );
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*/
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static uint32_t get_fat_size_sectors(uint32_t DskSize, uint32_t ReservedSecCnt,
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uint32_t SecPerClus, uint32_t NumFATs,
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uint32_t BytesPerSect)
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{
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uint64_t Numerator, Denominator;
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uint64_t FatElementSize = 4;
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uint64_t FatSz;
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/* This is based on
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http://hjem.get2net.dk/rune_moeller_barnkob/filesystems/fat.html
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I've made the obvious changes for FAT32
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*/
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Numerator = FatElementSize * ( DskSize - ReservedSecCnt );
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Denominator = ( SecPerClus * BytesPerSect ) + ( FatElementSize * NumFATs );
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FatSz = Numerator / Denominator;
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/* round up */
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FatSz += 1;
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return((uint32_t)FatSz);
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}
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static uint8_t get_spc(uint32_t ClusterSizeKB, uint32_t BytesPerSect)
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{
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uint32_t spc = ( ClusterSizeKB * 1024 ) / BytesPerSect;
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return( (uint8_t) spc );
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}
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static uint8_t get_sectors_per_cluster(uint32_t DiskSizeSectors,
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uint32_t BytesPerSect)
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{
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uint8_t ret = 0x01; /* 1 sector per cluster */
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uint64_t DiskSizeBytes = (uint64_t)DiskSizeSectors * (uint64_t)BytesPerSect;
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int64_t DiskSizeMB = DiskSizeBytes / ( 1024*1024 );
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/* 512 MB to 8,191 MB 4 KB */
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if ( DiskSizeMB > 512 )
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ret = get_spc( 4, BytesPerSect ); /* ret = 0x8; */
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/* 8,192 MB to 16,383 MB 8 KB */
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if ( DiskSizeMB > 8192 )
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ret = get_spc( 8, BytesPerSect ); /* ret = 0x10; */
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/* 16,384 MB to 32,767 MB 16 KB */
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if ( DiskSizeMB > 16384 )
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ret = get_spc( 16, BytesPerSect ); /* ret = 0x20; */
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/* Larger than 32,768 MB 32 KB */
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if ( DiskSizeMB > 32768 )
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ret = get_spc( 32, BytesPerSect ); /* ret = 0x40; */
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return( ret );
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}
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static void create_boot_sector(unsigned char* buf,
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struct ipod_t* ipod, int partition)
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{
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struct FAT_BOOTSECTOR32* pFAT32BootSect = (struct FAT_BOOTSECTOR32*)buf;
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/* fill out the boot sector and fs info */
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pFAT32BootSect->sJmpBoot[0]=0xEB;
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pFAT32BootSect->sJmpBoot[1]=0x5A;
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pFAT32BootSect->sJmpBoot[2]=0x90;
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strcpy( pFAT32BootSect->sOEMName, "MSWIN4.1" );
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pFAT32BootSect->wBytsPerSec = htole16(BytesPerSect);
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pFAT32BootSect->bSecPerClus = SectorsPerCluster ;
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pFAT32BootSect->wRsvdSecCnt = htole16(ReservedSectCount);
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pFAT32BootSect->bNumFATs = NumFATs;
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pFAT32BootSect->wRootEntCnt = htole16(0);
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pFAT32BootSect->wTotSec16 = htole16(0);
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pFAT32BootSect->bMedia = 0xF8;
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pFAT32BootSect->wFATSz16 = htole16(0);
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pFAT32BootSect->wSecPerTrk = htole16(ipod->sectors_per_track);
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pFAT32BootSect->wNumHeads = htole16(ipod->num_heads);
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pFAT32BootSect->dHiddSec = htole16(ipod->pinfo[partition].start);
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pFAT32BootSect->dTotSec32 = htole32(TotalSectors);
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pFAT32BootSect->dFATSz32 = htole32(FatSize);
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pFAT32BootSect->wExtFlags = htole16(0);
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pFAT32BootSect->wFSVer = htole16(0);
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pFAT32BootSect->dRootClus = htole32(2);
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pFAT32BootSect->wFSInfo = htole16(1);
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pFAT32BootSect->wBkBootSec = htole16(BackupBootSect);
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pFAT32BootSect->bDrvNum = 0x80;
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pFAT32BootSect->Reserved1 = 0;
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pFAT32BootSect->bBootSig = 0x29;
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pFAT32BootSect->dBS_VolID = htole32(VolumeId);
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memcpy(pFAT32BootSect->sVolLab, VolId, 11);
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memcpy(pFAT32BootSect->sBS_FilSysType, "FAT32 ", 8 );
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buf[510] = 0x55;
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buf[511] = 0xaa;
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}
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static void create_fsinfo(unsigned char* buf,
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struct ipod_t* ipod, int partition)
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{
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struct FAT_FSINFO* pFAT32FsInfo = (struct FAT_FSINFO*)buf;
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/* FSInfo sect */
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pFAT32FsInfo->dLeadSig = htole32(0x41615252);
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pFAT32FsInfo->dStrucSig = htole32(0x61417272);
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pFAT32FsInfo->dFree_Count = htole32((uint32_t) -1);
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pFAT32FsInfo->dNxt_Free = htole32((uint32_t) -1);
|
|||
|
|
pFAT32FsInfo->dTrailSig = htole32(0xaa550000);
|
|||
|
|
pFAT32FsInfo->dFree_Count = htole32((UserAreaSize/SectorsPerCluster)-1);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* clusters 0-1 reserved, we used cluster 2 for the root dir */
|
|||
|
|
pFAT32FsInfo->dNxt_Free = htole32(3);
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
static void create_firstfatsector(unsigned char* buf,
|
|||
|
|
struct ipod_t* ipod, int partition)
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
uint32_t* p = (uint32_t*)buf; /* We know the buffer is aligned */
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* First FAT Sector */
|
|||
|
|
p[0] = htole32(0x0ffffff8); /* Reserved cluster 1 media id in low byte */
|
|||
|
|
p[1] = htole32(0x0fffffff); /* Reserved cluster 2 EOC */
|
|||
|
|
p[2] = htole32(0x0fffffff); /* end of cluster chain for root dir */
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
int format_partition(struct ipod_t* ipod, int partition)
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
uint32_t i;
|
|||
|
|
uint64_t qTotalSectors=0;
|
|||
|
|
uint64_t FatNeeded;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
VolumeId = get_volume_id( );
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* Only support hard disks at the moment */
|
|||
|
|
if ( ipod->sector_size != 512 )
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[ERR] Only disks with 512 bytes per sector are supported.\n");
|
|||
|
|
return -1;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
BytesPerSect = ipod->sector_size;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* Checks on Disk Size */
|
|||
|
|
qTotalSectors = ipod->pinfo[partition].size;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* low end limit - 65536 sectors */
|
|||
|
|
if ( qTotalSectors < 65536 )
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
/* I suspect that most FAT32 implementations would mount this
|
|||
|
|
volume just fine, but the spec says that we shouldn't do
|
|||
|
|
this, so we won't */
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[ERR] This drive is too small for FAT32 - there must be at least 64K clusters\n" );
|
|||
|
|
return -1;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
if ( qTotalSectors >= 0xffffffff )
|
|||
|
|
{
|
|||
|
|
/* This is a more fundamental limitation on FAT32 - the total
|
|||
|
|
sector count in the root dir <EFBFBD>s 32bit. With a bit of
|
|||
|
|
creativity, FAT32 could be extended to handle at least 2^28
|
|||
|
|
clusters There would need to be an extra field in the
|
|||
|
|
FSInfo sector, and the old sector count could be set to
|
|||
|
|
0xffffffff. This is non standard though, the Windows FAT
|
|||
|
|
driver FASTFAT.SYS won't understand this. Perhaps a future
|
|||
|
|
version of FAT32 and FASTFAT will handle this. */
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[ERR] This drive is too big for FAT32 - max 2TB supported\n");
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
if ( sectors_per_cluster ) {
|
|||
|
|
SectorsPerCluster = sectors_per_cluster;
|
|||
|
|
} else {
|
|||
|
|
SectorsPerCluster = get_sectors_per_cluster(ipod->pinfo[partition].size,
|
|||
|
|
BytesPerSect );
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
TotalSectors = (uint32_t) qTotalSectors;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
FatSize = get_fat_size_sectors(TotalSectors, ReservedSectCount,
|
|||
|
|
SectorsPerCluster, NumFATs, BytesPerSect );
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
UserAreaSize = TotalSectors - ReservedSectCount - (NumFATs*FatSize);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* First zero out ReservedSect + FatSize * NumFats + SectorsPerCluster */
|
|||
|
|
SystemAreaSize = (ReservedSectCount+(NumFATs*FatSize) + SectorsPerCluster);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* Work out the Cluster count */
|
|||
|
|
FatNeeded = UserAreaSize/SectorsPerCluster;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* check for a cluster count of >2^28, since the upper 4 bits of
|
|||
|
|
the cluster values in the FAT are reserved. */
|
|||
|
|
if (FatNeeded > 0x0FFFFFFF) {
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[ERR] This drive has more than 2^28 clusters, try to specify a larger cluster size\n" );
|
|||
|
|
return -1;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* Sanity check, make sure the fat is big enough.
|
|||
|
|
Convert the cluster count into a Fat sector count, and check
|
|||
|
|
the fat size value we calculated earlier is OK. */
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
FatNeeded *=4;
|
|||
|
|
FatNeeded += (BytesPerSect-1);
|
|||
|
|
FatNeeded /= BytesPerSect;
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
if ( FatNeeded > FatSize ) {
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[ERR] Drive too big to format\n");
|
|||
|
|
return -1;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/*
|
|||
|
|
Write boot sector, fats
|
|||
|
|
Sector 0 Boot Sector
|
|||
|
|
Sector 1 FSInfo
|
|||
|
|
Sector 2 More boot code - we write zeros here
|
|||
|
|
Sector 3 unused
|
|||
|
|
Sector 4 unused
|
|||
|
|
Sector 5 unused
|
|||
|
|
Sector 6 Backup boot sector
|
|||
|
|
Sector 7 Backup FSInfo sector
|
|||
|
|
Sector 8 Backup 'more boot code'
|
|||
|
|
zero'd sectors upto ReservedSectCount
|
|||
|
|
FAT1 ReservedSectCount to ReservedSectCount + FatSize
|
|||
|
|
...
|
|||
|
|
FATn ReservedSectCount to ReservedSectCount + FatSize
|
|||
|
|
RootDir - allocated to cluster2
|
|||
|
|
*/
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[INFO] Heads - %d, sectors/track = %d\n",ipod->num_heads,ipod->sectors_per_track);
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[INFO] Size : %lluGB %u sectors\n", ((uint64_t)ipod->pinfo[partition].size * (uint64_t)ipod->sector_size) / (1000*1000*1000), TotalSectors );
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[INFO] %d Bytes Per Sector, Cluster size %d bytes\n", BytesPerSect, SectorsPerCluster*BytesPerSect );
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[INFO] Volume ID is %x:%x\n", VolumeId>>16, VolumeId&0xffff );
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[INFO] %d Reserved Sectors, %d Sectors per FAT, %d fats\n", ReservedSectCount, FatSize, NumFATs );
|
|||
|
|
fprintf (stderr,"[INFO] %d Total clusters\n", UserAreaSize/SectorsPerCluster );
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[INFO] Formatting partition %d:...\n",partition);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* Once zero_sectors has run, any data on the drive is basically lost... */
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[INFO] Clearing out %d sectors for Reserved sectors, fats and root cluster...\n", SystemAreaSize );
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
zero_sectors(ipod, ipod->pinfo[partition].start, SystemAreaSize);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[INFO] Initialising reserved sectors and FATs...\n" );
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* Create the boot sector structure */
|
|||
|
|
create_boot_sector(sectorbuf, ipod, partition);
|
|||
|
|
create_fsinfo(sectorbuf + 512, ipod, partition);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* Write boot sector and fsinfo at start of partition */
|
|||
|
|
if (ipod_seek(ipod, ipod->pinfo[partition].start * ipod->sector_size) < 0) {
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[ERR] Seek failed\n");
|
|||
|
|
return -1;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
if (ipod_write(ipod,sectorbuf,512 * 2) < 0) {
|
|||
|
|
perror("[ERR] Write failed (first copy of bootsect/fsinfo)\n");
|
|||
|
|
return -1;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* Write backup copy of boot sector and fsinfo */
|
|||
|
|
if (ipod_seek(ipod, (ipod->pinfo[partition].start + BackupBootSect) * ipod->sector_size) < 0) {
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[ERR] Seek failed\n");
|
|||
|
|
return -1;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
if (ipod_write(ipod,sectorbuf,512 * 2) < 0) {
|
|||
|
|
perror("[ERR] Write failed (first copy of bootsect/fsinfo)\n");
|
|||
|
|
return -1;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* Create the first FAT sector */
|
|||
|
|
create_firstfatsector(sectorbuf, ipod, partition);
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
/* Write the first fat sector in the right places */
|
|||
|
|
for ( i=0; i<NumFATs; i++ ) {
|
|||
|
|
int SectorStart = ReservedSectCount + (i * FatSize );
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
if (ipod_seek(ipod, (ipod->pinfo[partition].start + SectorStart) * ipod->sector_size) < 0) {
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[ERR] Seek failed\n");
|
|||
|
|
return -1;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
if (ipod_write(ipod,sectorbuf,512) < 0) {
|
|||
|
|
perror("[ERR] Write failed (first copy of bootsect/fsinfo)\n");
|
|||
|
|
return -1;
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
}
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
fprintf(stderr,"[INFO] Format successful\n");
|
|||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
return 0;
|
|||
|
|
}
|