You need a computer running Windows, Linux, or Mac to install the bootloader.
The installation utility \fname{jztool} is a command line tool used to load the
Rockbox bootloader on your \dap{}. Please note that it \emph{only} loads the
Rockbox bootloader and does not modify your \dap{} in any way. Flashing the
bootloader happens entirely on the \dap{}, without the intervention of your PC.

It's possible to install Rockbox alongside any original firmware version.
\opt{fiiom3k}{This includes the ``unofficial'' XVortex firmware.}
It's also possible to update the original firmware after installing the Rockbox
bootloader, but this will erase the Rockbox bootloader and you will have to
install it again if you want to keep using Rockbox.

\begin{itemize}\label{ref:jztool_load_bootloader}
\item Download the Rockbox bootloader, \bootfilename{}, from
  \opt{fiiom3k}{\download{bootloader/fiio/m3k/}.}
  \opt{shanlingq1}{\download{bootloader/shanling/q1/}.}
\item Download \fname{jztool} from \download{bootloader/fiio/m3k/}.
\item Connect your player in USB boot mode:
  \begin{enumerate}
    \item Make sure your player is fully powered off.
    \item Connect a USB cable to your player -- but don't plug it in to your
      computer yet!
    \item While holding the \ActionIngenicUSBBoot{} button, plug the other end
      of the USB cable into your computer.
    \item If your player has entered USB boot mode%
      \opt{fiiom3k}{the button light will light up and the LCD will remain
        black. The \playerman{} splash screen will not be displayed.}
      \opt{shanlingq1}{the LCD will remain black and the \playerman{} splash
        screen will not be displayed.}
  \end{enumerate}
\item Windows users need to follow \reference{ref:install_usb_driver} now
  to make the \playertype{} accessible to \fname{jztool} before continuing.
\item Open a command prompt or terminal in the folder where you downloaded
  \fname{jztool}. Copy \bootfilename{} to that folder so you can easily refer
  to it on the command line.

  On Windows, run this command to load the bootloader onto your \dap{}.
  \begin{code}
    jztool.exe \jztoolsubcommand{} load \bootfilename{}
  \end{code}
  Linux or Mac users should run this command. Linux users need to run
  \fname{jztool} as root to allow it access the USB device.
  \begin{code}
    ./jztool \jztoolsubcommand{} load \bootfilename{}
  \end{code}
\item If your \dap{} is showing the Rockbox recovery menu, then the Rockbox
  bootloader has been loaded correctly.
  % TODO: Screenshot of the recovery menu
\end{itemize}

To finish the install, you need to flash the Rockbox bootloader to your \dap{}
using the recovery menu.

\begin{itemize}
\item Copy \bootfilename{} to the root of a FAT32-formatted SD card, and insert
  it into your \dap{}.
\item Select \emph{Backup bootloader} to back up the original firmware's
  bootloader. This will create a file \bootbackupfilename{} on the root of your
  SD card. You should back up this file somewhere safe before continuing with
  the installation. In the unlikely event anything goes wrong, you can copy
  \bootbackupfilename{} onto your SD card and choose \emph{Restore bootloader}
  to restore the original \playerman{} bootloader.
\item Select \emph{Install/update bootloader} from the menu. The installation
  takes less than a second and once it has finished successfully, you can
  unplug and power off your \dap{}.
\end{itemize}

Rarely, a new bootloader might be released to fix bugs or add certain features.
Updating the bootloader follows the same process as the initial installation.
Taking a backup is not necessary if you are only updating an existing Rockbox
bootloader.

Normally the installation will complete without incident, but you may encounter
one of the following errors. Some are benign and easily corrected while others
are more serious. You should seek help on one of the Rockbox support channels
if you get a serious error.

\begin{description}
\item[File not found.]
  If you selected \emph{Install/update bootloader}, the missing file is
  \bootfilename{}; if you selected \emph{Restore bootloader}, the missing file
  is \bootbackupfilename{}. Copy the missing file to your SD card, and make
  sure your card is formatted to FAT32, then try again.
\item[Bad archive.]
  The file \bootfilename{} appears to be corrupted or doesn't contain the
  expected contents. Try deleting it from your SD card and copying it again.
  If the error persists, you might have a corrupted download; try downloading
  the bootloader again.
\item[NAND open/read/write error.]
  This indicates a problem accessing your \daps{} internal flash memory.
  Write errors are the most serious -- your existing bootloader may be
  corrupted, leaving your \dap{} unbootable. Seek assistance if you encounter
  any of these errors \emph{before} retrying the installation.
\item[Disk I/O error.]
  There was a problem reading or writing data on the SD card. This message can
  also be displayed by \emph{Restore bootloader} if the backup file
  \bootbackupfilename{} does not have the correct size.
\item[Out of memory or Unknown error.]
  These are serious errors indicating some low-level system problem.
  They should never be encountered in normal circumstances.
\end{description}

\subsubsection{Install the USB driver}\label{ref:install_usb_driver}
\note{This section is only applicable if you are running \fname{jztool} from
a Windows computer. Linux and Mac users can safely ignore this section.}

To use \fname{jztool} on a Windows computer, you need to install a USB driver
so it can access the \dap{} in USB boot mode. \fname{jztool} uses a library
called \fname{libusb} to access your \dap{}, and on Windows \fname{libusb} can
use a number of different back-end drivers to access USB devices.

Zadig (\url{https://zadig.akeo.ie/}) is a third-party tool which allows you to
install various back-end drivers for use with \fname{libusb}-based programs.
The recommended driver is WinUSB, which is provided by Microsoft and comes
bundled with recent versions of Windows.

\note{The Rockbox project is not associated with Zadig or its development.
  In the unlikely event you encounter a Zadig-specific issue that cannot be
  resolved on Rockbox support channels you may need to seek help elsewhere.}

You will need administrator access to run Zadig. When you are ready, follow the
steps below to install the driver.

\begin{itemize}
\item Download Zadig from \url{https://zadig.akeo.ie/}.
\item Make sure your \dap{} is connected in USB boot mode
  (see \reference{ref:jztool_load_bootloader}).
\item Run Zadig and select the USB device corresponding to your player.
  The USB ID of the \playername{} is \texttt{A108 1000} when it is connected in
  USB boot mode.
  % TODO: Screenshot of Zadig window
  \warn{Be careful not to select the wrong USB device in Zadig! Zadig allows
    you to override the USB driver of any USB device, and accidentally
    overwriting the driver for an important device like your mouse or keyboard
    can cause major problems. Always double check the device before clicking
    install.}
\item Select the WinUSB driver from the list and click \emph{Install}.
\item Wait for the installation to finish, then close Zadig.
\end{itemize}

If the installation was successful you can return to
\reference{ref:jztool_load_bootloader} and run \fname{jztool}. If you get
``Cannot open USB device'' errors from \fname{jztool} or any
\fname{libusb}-related errors, you can try some of the steps below to fix the
problem.

\begin{itemize}
\item Unplug your \dap{} and force a power-off by holding the power button
  for 10 seconds. Then reconnect it and try running \fname{jztool} again.
\item Restart your computer and try again.
\item Try installing a different USB driver, for example ``libusbK''.
  Some users have reported difficulties with the WinUSB driver and have
  had success by trying an alternate driver.
\end{itemize}

If problems persist you should ask for help on the Rockbox support channels.