rockbox/apps/plugins/pixel-painter.lua

--[[
             __________               __   ___.
   Open      \______   \ ____   ____ |  | _\_ |__   _______  ___
   Source     |       _//  _ \_/ ___\|  |/ /| __ \ /  _ \  \/  /
   Jukebox    |    |   (  <_> )  \___|    < | \_\ (  <_> > <  <
   Firmware   |____|_  /\____/ \___  >__|_ \|___  /\____/__/\_ \
                     \/            \/     \/    \/            \/
 $Id$

 Port and extension of Pixel Painter by Pavel Bakhilau
 (http://js1k.com/2010-first/demo/453) to Rockbox Lua.

 Copyright (C) 2011 by Stefan Schneider-Kennedy

 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

 This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
 KIND, either express or implied.

]]--

--Number of colours used in the game
--Hard coded here, in the COLOURS and PIP_COLOURS definitions and in
--get_colours_count's count_table
NUM_COLOURS = 6

--Utility function makes a copy of the passed table
function deepcopy(object)
    local lookup_table = {}
    local function _copy(object)
        if type(object) ~= "table" then
            return object
        elseif lookup_table[object] then
            return lookup_table[object]
        end
        local new_table = {}
        lookup_table[object] = new_table
        for index, value in pairs(object) do
            new_table[_copy(index)] = _copy(value)
        end
        return setmetatable(new_table, getmetatable(object))
    end
    return _copy(object)
end

--Returns the maximum value of the passed table and its index
function table_maximum(a)
    local mi = 1
    local m = a[mi]
    for i, val in ipairs(a) do
        if val > m then
            mi = i
            m = val
        end
    end
    return m, mi
end

--Solves the board using a simple algorithm and returns the number of
--moves required. Each turn, the function picks the move which fills in
--the greatest area of board. The number of moves required to complete
--it is returned.
function calculate_par(board)
    local board_dimension = table.getn(board)
    local test_game_copy = deepcopy(board)
    local moves = 0

    repeat
        local non_matching = {}
        fill_board(test_game_copy, 0, 1, 1, test_game_copy[1][1], non_matching)

        if table.getn(non_matching) > 0 then
            local count_table = get_colours_count(test_game_copy, non_matching)
            local max_value, colour = table_maximum(count_table)

            --Corrects the invalid colour values set by
            --get_colours_count, this also acts as a move
            for x=1,board_dimension do
                for y=1,board_dimension do
                    if test_game_copy[x][y] < 0 then
                    test_game_copy[x][y] = test_game_copy[x][y] * -1
                    elseif test_game_copy[x][y] == 0 then
                    test_game_copy[x][y] = colour
                    end
                end
            end
        else
            return moves
        end
        --Manual garbage collection is needed so it doesn't eat into the
        --audio buffer, see http://forums.rockbox.org/index.php/topic,27120.msg177434.html
        collectgarbage("collect")
        moves = moves + 1
    until false
end

--Calculates the number of blocks of each colour adjacent to the filled
--region identified by the passed parameters. A colour indexed table
--containing the counts is returned. Relies on the board having been
--flood filled with 0s prior to executing this function.
--
--The 'board' table is also adjusted as follows: The filled region's
--colour index is set to zero and each of the adjacent areas' colour
--indexes are multiplied by -1. These invalid colour values are later
--corrected in the calculate_par function.
function get_colours_count(board, non_matching)
    local count_table = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
    repeat
        --Pop the array
        local current = non_matching[table.getn(non_matching)]
        table.remove(non_matching)
        --Check this square hasn't already been filled
        local curr_colour = board[current[1]][current[2]]
        if curr_colour > 0 then
            count_table[curr_colour] = count_table[curr_colour] +
                fill_board(board, curr_colour * -1, current[1], current[2], curr_colour)
        end
    until table.getn(non_matching) == 0

    return count_table
end

--Returns a randomly coloured board of the indicated dimensions
function generate_board(board_dimension, seed)
    math.randomseed(seed)

    local board = {}
    for x=1,board_dimension do
        board[x] = {}
        for y=1,board_dimension do
            board[x][y] = math.random(1,NUM_COLOURS)
        end
    end

    return board
end

--Flood fills the board from the top left using selected_colour
--Returns the number of boxes filled
function fill_board(board, fill_colour, x, y, original_colour, non_matching)
    local board_dimension = table.getn(board)
    if x > 0 and y > 0 and x <= board_dimension and y <= board_dimension then
        if board[x][y] == original_colour then
            board[x][y] = fill_colour
            return fill_board(board, fill_colour, x - 1, y, original_colour, non_matching) +
                   fill_board(board, fill_colour, x, y - 1, original_colour, non_matching) +
                   fill_board(board, fill_colour, x + 1, y, original_colour, non_matching) +
                   fill_board(board, fill_colour, x, y + 1, original_colour, non_matching) + 1
        elseif(non_matching ~= nil and board[x][y] ~= fill_colour) then
            table.insert(non_matching, {x,y})
        end
    end

    return 0
end

--Checks whether the given board is a single colour
function check_win(board)
    for x,col in pairs(board) do
        for y,value in pairs(col) do
            if value ~= board[1][1] then
                return false
            end
        end
    end

    return true
end

--Attempt to load the game variables stored in the indicated save file.
--Returns a table containing game variables if the file can be opened,
--false otherwise.
--Table keys are: difficulty, par, move_number, selected_colour, board
function load_game(filename)
    local f = io.open(filename, "r")
    if f ~= nil then
        local rtn = {}
        rtn["difficulty"] = tonumber(f:read())
        rtn["par"] = tonumber(f:read())
        rtn["move_number"] = tonumber(f:read())
        rtn["selected_colour"] = tonumber(f:read())

        local board={}
        local dimension = diff_to_dimension(rtn["difficulty"])
        for x=1,dimension do
            board[x] = {}
            local line = f:read()
            local bits = {line:match(("([^ ]*) "):rep(dimension))}
            for y=1,dimension do
                board[x][y] = tonumber(bits[y])
            end
        end
        rtn["board"] = board

        f:close()
        return rtn
    else
        return false
    end
end

--Saves the game state to file
function save_game(state, filename)
    local f = io.open(filename, "w")
    if f ~= nil then
        f:write(state["difficulty"],"\n")
        f:write(state["par"],"\n")
        f:write(state["move_number"],"\n")
        f:write(state["selected_colour"],"\n")
        local board = state["board"]
        local dimension = diff_to_dimension(state["difficulty"])
        for x=1,dimension do
            for y=1,dimension do
                f:write(board[x][y]," ")
            end
            f:write("\n")
        end
        f:close()
        return true
    else
        return false
    end
end

--Loads the high scores from file
--Returns true on success, false otherwise
function load_scores(filename)
    local f = io.open(filename, "r")
    if f ~= nil then
        local highscores = {}
        for i=1,3 do
            local line = f:read()
            local value = false
            if line ~= nil then
                value = tonumber(line)
            end

            highscores[i] = value
        end
        f:close()
        return highscores
    else
        return false
    end
end

--Saves the high scores to file
function save_scores(highscores, filename)
    local f = io.open(filename, "w")
    if f ~= nil then
        for i=1,3 do
            local value = highscores[i]
            if value == false then
                value = ""
            end
            f:write(value,"\n")
        end
        f:close()
        return true
    else
        return false
    end
end

function diff_to_dimension(difficulty)
    if difficulty == 1 then
        return 8
    elseif difficulty == 2 then
        return 16
    else
        return 22
    end
end

--Don't run the RB stuff if we're not running under RB
if rb ~= nil then

    if rb.lcd_rgbpack == nil then
        rb.splash(2*rb.HZ, "Non RGB targets not currently supported")
        os.exit()
    end

    ---------------------
    --RB Game variables--
    ---------------------

    --The colours used by the game
    COLOURS = {
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(255, 119, 34),
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(255, 255, 102),
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(119, 204, 51),
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(102, 170, 255),
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(51, 68, 255),
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(51, 51, 51),
    }
    --The colour of the selection pip
    PIP_COLOURS = {
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(0, 0, 0),
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(0, 0, 0),
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(0, 0, 0),
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(0, 0, 0),
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(0, 0, 0),
        rb.lcd_rgbpack(255, 255, 255),
    }
    DEFAULT_DIFFICULTY = 2 --1: Easy, 2: Normal, 3: Hard

    FILES_ROOT = "/.rockbox/rocks/games/"
    SCORES_FILE = FILES_ROOT.."pixel-painter.score"
    SAVE_FILE = FILES_ROOT.."pixel-painter.save"
    r,w,TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT = rb.font_getstringsize(" ", rb.FONT_UI) --Get font height
    --Determine which layout to use by considering the screen dimensions
    --the +9 is so we have space for the chooser
    if rb.LCD_WIDTH > (rb.LCD_HEIGHT + 9) then
        LAYOUT = 1 --Wider than high, status and chooser on right
    elseif rb.LCD_HEIGHT > (rb.LCD_WIDTH + 9) then
        LAYOUT = 2 --Higher than wide, status and chooser below
    else
        LAYOUT = 3 --Treat like a square screen, chooser on right, status below
    end

    --Display variables
    chooser_pip_dimension = 6 --pixel dimension of the selected colour pip
    block_width = 0 --pixel dimension of each game square
    chooser_start_pos = 0 --x or y position of the first block (depending on LAYOUT)

    --Populated by load_scores()
    highscores = {false, false, false}

    --A table containing the game state, initialised by init_game() or
    --load_game(), see
    game_state = {}

    -----------------------------------
    --Display and interface functions--
    -----------------------------------

    --Sets up a new game and display variables for the indicated
    --difficulty
    function init_game(difficulty)
        init_display_variables(difficulty)
        local state = {}
        local board_dimension = diff_to_dimension(difficulty)
        state["selected_colour"] = 1
        state["move_number"] = 0
        state["difficulty"] = difficulty
        state["board"] = generate_board(board_dimension, rb.current_tick()+os.time())
        rb.splash(1, "Calculating par...") --Will stay on screen until it's done
        state["par"] = calculate_par(state["board"])

        return state
    end

    --Initialises the display variables for the screen LAYOUT
    function init_display_variables(difficulty)
        local board_dimension = diff_to_dimension(difficulty)

        if LAYOUT == 1 then
            block_width = rb.LCD_HEIGHT / board_dimension
            chooser_start_pos = (board_dimension)*block_width + 2
            chooser_width = rb.LCD_WIDTH - chooser_start_pos
            chooser_height = (rb.LCD_HEIGHT - 3*TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT) / NUM_COLOURS
        elseif LAYOUT == 2 then
            block_width = rb.LCD_WIDTH / board_dimension
            chooser_start_pos = board_dimension*block_width + 2 + TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT
            chooser_width = rb.LCD_WIDTH / NUM_COLOURS
            chooser_height = rb.LCD_HEIGHT - chooser_start_pos
        else
            if TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT > 9 then
                block_width = (rb.LCD_HEIGHT - TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT) / board_dimension
            else
                block_width = (rb.LCD_HEIGHT - 9) / board_dimension
            end
            chooser_start_pos = (board_dimension)*block_width + 1
            chooser_width = rb.LCD_WIDTH - chooser_start_pos
            chooser_height = (rb.LCD_HEIGHT - TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT) / NUM_COLOURS
        end
    end

    --Draws the game board to screen
    function draw_board(board)
        for x,col in pairs(board) do
            for y,value in pairs(col) do
                rb.lcd_set_foreground(COLOURS[value])
                rb.lcd_fillrect((x-1)*block_width, (y-1)*block_width, block_width, block_width)
            end
        end
    end

    --Draw the colour chooser along with selected pip at the appropriate
    --position
    function draw_chooser(selected_colour)
        for i=1,NUM_COLOURS do
            rb.lcd_set_foreground(COLOURS[i])
            if LAYOUT == 1 or LAYOUT == 3 then
                rb.lcd_fillrect(chooser_start_pos, (i - 1)*(chooser_height), chooser_width, chooser_height)
            elseif LAYOUT == 2 then
                rb.lcd_fillrect((i - 1)*(chooser_width), chooser_start_pos, chooser_width, chooser_height)
            end
        end

        rb.lcd_set_foreground(PIP_COLOURS[selected_colour])
        local xpos = 0
        local ypos = 0
        if LAYOUT == 1 or LAYOUT == 3 then
            xpos = chooser_start_pos + (chooser_width - chooser_pip_dimension)/2
            ypos = (selected_colour-1)*(chooser_height) + (chooser_height - chooser_pip_dimension)/2
        elseif LAYOUT == 2 then
            xpos = (selected_colour-1)*(chooser_width) + (chooser_width - chooser_pip_dimension)/2
            ypos = chooser_start_pos + (chooser_height - chooser_pip_dimension)/2
        end
        rb.lcd_fillrect(xpos, ypos, chooser_pip_dimension, chooser_pip_dimension)
    end

    --Draws the current moves, par and high score
    function draw_status(move_number, par, highscore)
        local strings = {"Move", move_number, "Par", par}
        if highscore then
            table.insert(strings, "Best")
            table.insert(strings, highscore)
        end

        if LAYOUT == 1 then
            local function calc_string(var_len_str, static_str)
                local avail_width = chooser_width - rb.font_getstringsize(static_str, rb.FONT_UI)
                local rtn_str = ""

                for i=1,string.len(var_len_str) do
                    local c = string.sub(var_len_str, i, i)
                    local curr_width = rb.font_getstringsize(rtn_str, rb.FONT_UI)
                    local width = rb.font_getstringsize(c, rb.FONT_UI)

                    if curr_width + width <= avail_width then
                        rtn_str = rtn_str .. c
                    else
                        break
                    end
                end

                return rtn_str, rb.font_getstringsize(rtn_str, rb.FONT_UI)
            end

            local height = NUM_COLOURS*chooser_height
            colon_width = rb.font_getstringsize(": ", rb.FONT_UI)
            for i = 1,table.getn(strings),2 do
                local label, label_width = calc_string(strings[i], ": "..strings[i+1])

                rb.lcd_set_foreground(rb.lcd_rgbpack(255,0,0))
                rb.lcd_putsxy(chooser_start_pos, height, label..": ")
                rb.lcd_set_foreground(rb.lcd_rgbpack(255,255,255))
                rb.lcd_putsxy(chooser_start_pos + label_width + colon_width, height, strings[i+1])
                height = height + TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT
            end
        else
            local text_ypos = 0
            if LAYOUT == 2 then
                text_ypos = chooser_start_pos - TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT - 1
            else
                text_ypos = rb.LCD_HEIGHT - TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT
            end
            space_width = rb.font_getstringsize(" ", rb.FONT_UI)
            local xpos = 0
            for i = 1,table.getn(strings),2 do
                rb.lcd_set_foreground(rb.lcd_rgbpack(255,0,0))
                rb.lcd_putsxy(xpos, text_ypos, strings[i]..": ")
                xpos = xpos + rb.font_getstringsize(strings[i]..": ", rb.FONT_UI)
                rb.lcd_set_foreground(rb.lcd_rgbpack(255,255,255))
                rb.lcd_putsxy(xpos, text_ypos, strings[i+1])
                xpos = xpos + rb.font_getstringsize(strings[i+1], rb.FONT_UI) + space_width
            end
        end
    end

    --Convenience function to redraw the whole board to screen
    function redraw_game(game_state, highscores)
        rb.lcd_clear_display()
        draw_board(game_state["board"])
        draw_chooser(game_state["selected_colour"])
        draw_status(game_state["move_number"], game_state["par"],
            highscores[game_state["difficulty"]])
        rb.lcd_update()
    end


    --Draws help to screen, waits for a keypress to exit
    function app_help()
        rb.lcd_clear_display()

        local title = "Pixel painter help"
        local rtn, title_width, h = rb.font_getstringsize(title, rb.FONT_UI)
        local title_xpos = (rb.LCD_WIDTH - title_width) / 2
        local space_width = rb.font_getstringsize(" ", rb.FONT_UI)

        --Draw title
        function draw_text(y_offset)
            rb.lcd_set_foreground(rb.lcd_rgbpack(255,0,0))
            rb.lcd_putsxy(title_xpos, y_offset, title)
            rb.lcd_hline(title_xpos, title_xpos + title_width, TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT + y_offset)
            rb.lcd_set_foreground(rb.lcd_rgbpack(255,255,255))

            local body_text = [[
The aim is to fill the screen with a single colour. Each move you select a new colour which is then filled in from the top left corner.

The bottom right displays the number of moves taken, the number of moves used by the computer and your best score relative to the computer's.
        ]]
            local body_len = string.len(body_text)

            --Draw body text
            local word_buffer = ""
            local xpos = 0
            local ypos = TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT * 2
            for i=1,body_len do
                local c = string.sub(body_text, i, i)
                if c == " " or c == "\n" then
                    local word_length = rb.font_getstringsize(word_buffer, rb.FONT_UI)
                    if (xpos + word_length) > rb.LCD_WIDTH then
                        xpos = 0
                        ypos = ypos + TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT
                    end
                    rb.lcd_putsxy(xpos, ypos + y_offset, word_buffer)

                    word_buffer = ""
                    if c == "\n" then
                        xpos = 0
                        ypos = ypos + TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT
                    else
                        xpos = xpos + word_length + space_width
                    end
                else
                    word_buffer = word_buffer .. c
                end
            end

            rb.lcd_update()

            return ypos
        end

        --Deal with scrolling the help
        local y_offset = 0
        local max_y_offset = math.max(draw_text(y_offset) - rb.LCD_HEIGHT, 0)
        local exit = false
        repeat
            local action = rb.get_plugin_action(0)
            if action == rb.actions.PLA_DOWN then
                y_offset = math.max(-max_y_offset, y_offset - TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT)
            elseif action == rb.actions.PLA_UP then
                y_offset = math.min(0, y_offset + TEXT_LINE_HEIGHT)
            elseif action == rb.actions.PLA_LEFT or
                action == rb.actions.PLA_RIGHT or
                action == rb.actions.PLA_SELECT or
                action == rb.actions.PLA_EXIT or
                action == rb.actions.PLA_CANCEL then
                --This explicit enumeration is needed for targets like
                --the iriver which send more than one action when
                --scrolling

                exit = true
            end
            rb.lcd_clear_display()
            draw_text(y_offset)
        until exit == true
    end

    --Draws the application menu and handles its logic
    function app_menu()
        local options = {"Resume game", "Start new game", "Change difficulty",
            "Help", "Quit without saving", "Quit"}
        local item = rb.do_menu("Pixel painter menu", options, nil, false)

        if item == 0 then
            redraw_game(game_state, highscores)
        elseif item == 1 then
            os.remove(SAVE_FILE)
            game_state = init_game(game_state["difficulty"])
            redraw_game(game_state, highscores)
        elseif item == 2 then
            local diff = rb.do_menu("Difficulty", {"Easy", "Medium", "Hard"}, game_state["difficulty"] - 1, false)
            if diff < 0 then
                app_menu()
            else
                local difficulty = diff + 1 --lua is 1 indexed
                os.remove(SAVE_FILE)
                game_state = init_game(difficulty)
                redraw_game(game_state, highscores)
            end
        elseif item == 3 then
            app_help()
            redraw_game(game_state, highscores)
        elseif item == 4 then
            os.remove(SAVE_FILE)
            os.exit()
        elseif item == 5 then
            rb.splash(1, "Saving game...") --Will stay on screen till the app exits
            save_game(game_state,SAVE_FILE)
            os.exit()
        end
    end

    --Determine what victory text to show depending on the relation of the
    --score to the calculated par value
    function win_text(delta)
        if delta < 0 then
            return "You were "..(-1*delta).." under par"
        elseif delta > 0 then
            return "You were "..delta.." over par"
        else
            return "You attained par"
        end
    end

    ------------------
    --Game main loop--
    ------------------

    --Gives the option of testing things without running the game, use:
    --as_library=true
    --dofile('pixel-painter.lua')
    if not as_library then
        game_state = load_game(SAVE_FILE)
        if game_state then
            init_display_variables(game_state["difficulty"])
        else
            game_state = init_game(DEFAULT_DIFFICULTY)
        end
        loaded_scores = load_scores(SCORES_FILE)
        if loaded_scores then
            highscores = loaded_scores
        end
        redraw_game(game_state, highscores)

        require("actions")
        --Set the keys to use for scrolling the chooser
        if LAYOUT == 1 or LAYOUT == 3 then              -- landscape and square screens
            prev_action = rb.actions.PLA_UP
            prev_action_repeat = rb.actions.PLA_UP_REPEAT
            next_action = rb.actions.PLA_DOWN
            next_action_repeat = rb.actions.PLA_DOWN_REPEAT
        else                                            -- portrait screens
            prev_action = rb.actions.PLA_LEFT
            prev_action_repeat = rb.actions.PLA_LEFT_REPEAT
            next_action = rb.actions.PLA_RIGHT
            next_action_repeat = rb.actions.PLA_RIGHT_REPEAT
        end

        repeat
            local action = rb.get_plugin_action(-1) -- TIMEOUT_BLOCK

            if action == rb.actions.PLA_SELECT then
                --Ensure the user has changed the colour before allowing move
                --TODO: Check that the move would change the board

                if game_state["selected_colour"] ~= game_state["board"][1][1] then
                    fill_board(game_state["board"], game_state["selected_colour"],
                        1, 1, game_state["board"][1][1])
                    game_state["move_number"] = game_state["move_number"] + 1
                    redraw_game(game_state, highscores)

                    if check_win(game_state["board"]) then
                        local par_diff = game_state["move_number"] - game_state["par"]
                        if not highscores[game_state["difficulty"]] or
                            par_diff < highscores[game_state["difficulty"]] then
                            --
                            rb.splash(3*rb.HZ, win_text(par_diff)..", a new high score!")
                            highscores[game_state["difficulty"]] = par_diff
                            save_scores(highscores, SCORES_FILE)
                        else
                            rb.splash(3*rb.HZ, win_text(par_diff)..".")
                        end
                        os.remove(SAVE_FILE)
                        os.exit()
                    end
                else
                    --Will stay on screen until they move
                    rb.splash(1, "Invalid move (wouldn't change board). Change colour to continue.")
                end
            elseif action == next_action or action == next_action_repeat then
                if game_state["selected_colour"] < NUM_COLOURS then
                    game_state["selected_colour"] = game_state["selected_colour"] + 1
                else
                    game_state["selected_colour"] = 1
                end
                redraw_game(game_state, highscores)
            elseif action == prev_action or action == prev_action_repeat then
                if game_state["selected_colour"] > 1 then
                    game_state["selected_colour"] = game_state["selected_colour"] - 1
                else
                    game_state["selected_colour"] = NUM_COLOURS
                end
                redraw_game(game_state, highscores)
            elseif action == rb.actions.PLA_CANCEL then
                app_menu()
            end
        until action == rb.actions.PLA_EXIT
        --This is executed if the user presses PLA_EXIT
        rb.splash(1, "Saving game...") --Will stay on screen till the app exits
        save_game(game_state,SAVE_FILE)
    end
end